Recently finished Christina Truong‘s CSS Essential Training course on LinkedIn Learning and I have to say I enjoyed it. The advanced pseudo-selector and responsive web design was really well explained and easy to follow. I would definitely recommend the course.
In addition I had fun with the design and color scheme. I even expanded on the design by adding a content-card class to make the “Education” section easier to read. The page is a portfolio/resume page that is designed to be responsive.
You can take a look at the product of the course here.
Demonstrated on Parrot Security OS VirtualBox virtual machine (VM) but should work for most Debian based OS, such as Kali Linux. Article uses Windows host but process is similar on MacOS and Linux hosts. Also assumes that you have VirtualBox and Parrot Security OS installed on host system. If not, check out Install Parrot Security OS on VirtualBox using ISO. Derived from documentation found on virtualbox.org and linuxize.com.
Mount VBoxGuestAdditions.iso
VirtualBox Guest Additions ISO is included with the installation files for VirtualBox. As such, you can find these in the installation folders within your file system. There is no need to download separately at the time of writing this post.
Mount VBoxAdditions to Parrot Security OS VM
While VM is turned off and selected, click on Storage to access Storage settings.
Click on the CD icon under the Controller: IDE. This will be where you mount the VirtualBox Additions ISO. Click on CD next to the optical drive drop down menu. You should see the following menu, although, you may not have the same options as I have already installed it on other VMs. Select Choose a disk file…
Navigate to C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox, select VBoxGuestAdditions and click Open.
The VBoxGuestAdditions.iso should now be mounted to your VirtualBox IDE controller.
Install VirtualBox Guest Additions to Parrot Security OS VM
Start your Parrot OS VM, sign in, open a terminal window and enter the following:
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
This will update your Parrot Security OS.
Next, enter the following command to install the packages required for building kernel modules:
Next, we’ll mount the VirtualBox Additions ISO to our guest OS. To mount the ISO, create a new directory and mount the ISO with the following commands:
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
Navigate to the /mnt/cdrom directory and run the Linux script to install the Guest Additions:
cd /mnt/cdrom sudo sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run --nox11
The –nox11 option tells the script to not open an xterm window.
Restart your VM for the install to complete.
sudo shutdown -r now
To confirm that installation was successful, login, open a terminal and type the following command:
lsmod | grep vboxguest
The output should look something like this:
If you receive no output, the installation was not successful and you’ll want to run through the commands again.
You have now installed VirtualBox Guest Additions which will allow you to resize the guest OS window, adds Drag and Drop support, improves performance and more. For more information, visit the VirtualBox documentation page.
This article will demonstrate how to install Parrot Security OS on VirtualBox using a Windows host, but the process is similar across other hosts. I prefer to install this way as you have more control over the install process than using an OVF which is a pre-configured virtual machine (VM). Article assumes you have already installed VirtualBox.
Download Parrot Security OS
Visit https://parrotlinux.org/download/ and download Parrot Security ISO. I used the MATE ISO.
Check the hashes to verify that your ISO has not been modified. Open Powershell and navigate to location of downloaded ISO. Run the following command:
Replace Parrot-security-4.9.1_x64.iso with the name of your specific ISO if you downloaded a different version.
Compare the derived MD5 hash to the MD5 hash provided by Parrot on their site by clicking on “Signed Hashes”
The two hashes match and we can proceed with the installation. If your hash is different, make sure you are checking the correct hash section. If it still doesn’t match, redownload the ISO using a different method. I used the direct download method.
Install Parrot Security OS on VirtualBox
Open VirtualBox and click “New”
Choose a name for your VM and where your machine folder will be located. Parrot OS is a Debian based Linux distribution so you’ll want to select Linux for type and Debian for version. I downloaded the 64 bit variant as indicated on my ISO with the x64 in the file name.
Select Memory size. This will vary depending on your host computer’s hardware configuration. I chose to give this VM 8 GB or 8192 MB (1024*8).
Select “Create a virtual hard disk now” option and click Create.
Select “VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image) and click Next.
Select “Dynamically Allocated” so that your VM doesn’t take more than the space it needs but allowing it to grow as needed. Click Next.
Here we will allocate the maximum size our virtual hard disk. Again the amount you can allocate will depend on your hardware configuration. I have allocated 128 GB which will be more than enough for the system.
Click Create.
Start up your Parrot Security VM.
Click the folder icon to add a start up disk.
In the Optical Disk Selector menu, click the Add icon to browse to and select your Parrot OS ISO.
Once you have your ISO added, select it and proceed. You should be back at the Select start-up disk prompt. Click start to begin the installation.
Parrot OS Install Process
Select Install using arrow keys and press Enter.
Choose your preferred language.
Select your location.
Configure your keyboard language/type
Enter a strong password for root. You do not want to leave this empty.
Confirm root password.
Enter a name for your non-administrative user.
Enter username for account.
Enter password for account and confirm/verify on next screen.
Select your time zone.
For simplicity, use guided partitioning method using entire disk although, ideally, you’ll want an encrypted partition but that is beyond the scope of this article.
Select disk to partition. The VirtualBox hard disk should be the only option available.
Select partitioning scheme. For new users, All files in one partition is recommended and what we will use in this tutorial for simplicity.
Finish partitioning and write changes to disk.
You may receive a warning that no swap partition was selected. Since the VM has been allocated 8 GB, this is not needed for performance, but your configuration may be different. If so, go back and create a swap partition. This is not covered in this tutorial.
Write changes to disk by selecting Yes.
The installer should now start installing the system.
Install the GRUB boot loader on the hard disk.
Select your virtual hard disk.
GRUB will install and the installer will finish the installation.
After installation is complete, click continue to finish installation. The installation media (ISO) should be removed automatically by VirtualBox before the start up.
The installer should then finish the installation and reboot, which will then load into the sign in screen.
Enter your password you entered during the installer for the non-administrative user. You have now installed Parrot Security OS on VirtualBox.
Next, you’ll want to install VirtualBox additions that will allow Parrot OS or any guest OS, to perform better and add features to control the VM. You can find instructions on how to install VirtualBox Additions for Parrot Security VM on this blog.
